百度拖動(dòng)旋轉(zhuǎn)驗(yàn)證碼被輕松破解？當(dāng)代流行的人機(jī)驗(yàn)證到底安不安全？
前言
> 百度的驗(yàn)證碼又雙叒更新了。
> 當(dāng)然出于好奇，貓又拿起了鍵盤開始挑戰(zhàn)。
正文來(lái)了。
先來(lái)看看繼上次破解百度旋轉(zhuǎn)驗(yàn)證碼后，百度的大佬又做出了哪些改變。
> 1.抓取圖片時(shí)加上了馬賽克
> 2.增加了圖片庫(kù)
抓取圖片時(shí)加上了馬賽克
- 截圖是這個(gè)亞子的
- 后臺(tái)拿到的卻是這個(gè)亞子的
哦呦，這個(gè)馬賽克有點(diǎn)東西的呀~
圖片抓下來(lái)都不一樣還咋識(shí)別，百度這里也是煞費(fèi)苦心，給您點(diǎn)個(gè)贊。
不過(guò)話說(shuō)回來(lái)，就算這樣也難不住我們的呀，這里我思考了一下還有幾種方式來(lái)獲取這個(gè)圖片：
- 1 .通過(guò)系統(tǒng)級(jí)鼠標(biāo)來(lái)獲取
- 2 .通過(guò)網(wǎng)頁(yè)截圖來(lái)獲取
1.通過(guò)系統(tǒng)級(jí)鼠標(biāo)來(lái)獲取
首先，試了下第一種方式
定位到圖片路徑位置拿到圖片途徑，然后再通過(guò)模擬器打來(lái)另一個(gè)頁(yè)面
然后通過(guò)下面這段代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)保存圖片的操作（這里用到了`Robot`系統(tǒng)級(jí)鼠標(biāo)控制類 ）
```java
public byte[] sivePic(String url, WebDriver driver, String window_one) {
((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("window.open('" + url + "')"); // 用js打開新的窗口
sleep(2000);
Set<String> allWindow = driver.getWindowHandles(); // 獲取所有的窗口句柄
sleep(1 * 500);
for (String i : allWindow) {
if (i != window_one) {
driver.switchTo().window(i);
}
}
WebElement img = driver.findElement(By.tagName("img"));
Actions actions = new Actions(driver);
Robot robot;
byte[] picBytes = null;
File imgFile = null;
// 聲明一個(gè)StingSelection 對(duì)象，并使用String的參數(shù)完成實(shí)例化；
String imgName = "baidu_" + System.currentTimeMillis()+".jpg";
// 使用Toolkit對(duì)象的setContents將字符串放到粘貼板中 ；
Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard().setContents( new StringSelection(imgName), null);
try {
robot = new Robot();
robot.setAutoDelay(100);
actions.moveToElement(img).contextClick().perform();
sleep(100);
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_DOWN);
sleep(100);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_DOWN);
sleep(100);
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_DOWN);
sleep(100);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_DOWN);
sleep(100);
// 確認(rèn)
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);
sleep(1000);
// 刪除
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_DELETE);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_DELETE);
sleep(500);
// 按下crtl v鍵 ；
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);
sleep(500);
// 釋放crtl v 鍵
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_V);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);
sleep(500);
// 文件名字后確認(rèn)
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);
sleep(5000);
String name = System.getenv().get("USERNAME");
imgFile = new File("C:/Users/" + name + "/Downloads/"+imgName);
picBytes = FileUtils.readFileToByteArray(imgFile);
System.out.println("save ok");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
imgFile.delete();
}
return picBytes;
}
```
啊哈，拿到了。
本以為就這樣結(jié)束了。
萬(wàn)萬(wàn)沒想到，抓了幾張之后馬賽克又出現(xiàn)了。。。。。。。
到此，第一種方法宣告西敗。
2.通過(guò)網(wǎng)頁(yè)截圖來(lái)獲取
這個(gè)方法就比較靠譜了，百度總不能讓用戶看到馬賽克的圖片吧，哈哈（手動(dòng)狗頭）
```java
// 獲取ID的隨機(jī)數(shù)
WebElement vcodesElemet = driver.findElement(By.className("mod-vcodes"));
String num = vcodesElemet.getAttribute("id");
num = num.split("mod-vcodes")[num.split("mod-vcodes").length - 1];
WebElement imgElemet = driver.findElement(By.id("vcode-spin-img" + num));
File img = getImgFile(driver, imgElemet.getLocation().getX() - 8,imgElemet.getLocation().getY());
```
```java
/**
* 截圖（驗(yàn)證碼） 這里的 152 是頁(yè)面顯示圖片的實(shí)際寬高
*/
private File getImgFile(WebDriver driver, int i, int j) {
BufferedImage imgbuf = null;
File srcFile, imgFile = null;
try {
srcFile = ((TakesScreenshot) driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
imgbuf = ImageIO.read(srcFile).getSubimage(i, j, 152, 152);
imgFile = new File("C:\\daidu_" + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".png");
ImageIO.write(imgbuf, "png", imgFile);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return imgFile;
}
```
那么到這里我們就拿到了驗(yàn)證圖，截來(lái)的圖片肯定沒有原圖清晰度高，所以識(shí)別率就會(huì)稍微降低一些。不過(guò)影響不是太大。
到這里抓取圖片的問題就解決了。
增加了圖片庫(kù)
說(shuō)道增加圖片庫(kù)這里倒不是什么大問題，只要抓到一張圖片，就可以通過(guò)旋轉(zhuǎn)生成對(duì)應(yīng)的圖片，只需要找到不同的圖片就可以了。
之前百度大概有50-60張不同的圖片，也就是說(shuō)不同的角度（360°）全部加入圖片庫(kù)的話最多21600張圖（估計(jì)值）。
現(xiàn)在通過(guò)抓取了幾百?gòu)垐D片觀察，不同的圖片大概有120多張，之前的50-60張也包括在內(nèi)，也就是說(shuō)百度又新加了一倍的圖庫(kù)。大概在43000張圖左右。
這里不存在什么大問題，只是我們的模型庫(kù)需要更新一下而已。
好了上面的問題既然都解決了，那么來(lái)說(shuō)下具體的破解思路及步驟。
1. 抓取到大量圖片并篩選
2. 根據(jù)篩選的圖片生成模型庫(kù)
3. 將模型庫(kù)接入到自動(dòng)化模擬程序
說(shuō)起來(lái)也不是很復(fù)雜嘛。開搞~
一、抓取到大量圖片并篩選
上面有提到抓取圖片我們采用截圖的方式，自動(dòng)化程序這里就先不放了，文章后面有完整代碼。我們先看下結(jié)果。
可以看到有很多相似的圖片，我們抓到300-500張左右基本就可以找到全部的不同的圖片，然后把相似的只留下一張就好了。
二、根據(jù)篩選的圖片生成模型庫(kù)
1. 這里我們拿到從步驟一篩選出來(lái)的圖片，將每一張片旋轉(zhuǎn)生成360度各個(gè)角度的圖片，并通過(guò)比例計(jì)算出原圖到對(duì)應(yīng)角度應(yīng)該滑動(dòng)的距離。
2. 然后在每個(gè)模型庫(kù)中找到正的那張圖，將之前標(biāo)記好的距離值標(biāo)記到原圖上。
3. 再通過(guò)計(jì)算得出模型庫(kù)中每個(gè)圖應(yīng)該滑動(dòng)的距離，并標(biāo)記。
為了提升效率，我們將模型庫(kù)以map對(duì)象的形式存入.obj文件中。
啟動(dòng)程序時(shí)只需要讀一個(gè)文件，然后將其存入map中，大大提升識(shí)別效率。
模型庫(kù)：[baidu_mod.obj](https://download.csdn.net/download/weixin_49701447/13714487)
三、將模型庫(kù)接入到自動(dòng)化模擬程序
1. 自動(dòng)化模擬程序
```java
public class Baidu {
private final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(BaiduTrain.class);
private final String INDEX_URL = "http://passport.baidu.com/?getpassindex&tt=1597054938536&gid=00C700C-A457-4CCF-8588-F118FFF70829&tpl=mn&u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baidu.com%2Fs%3Fie%3DUTF-8";
private static Map<String, Map<String, PicFinger>> Map = new HashMap<String, Map<String, PicFinger>>();
/**
* 截圖（驗(yàn)證碼）
*/
private File getImgFile(WebDriver driver, int i, int j) {
BufferedImage imgbuf = null;
File srcFile, imgFile = null;
try {
srcFile = ((TakesScreenshot) driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
imgbuf = ImageIO.read(srcFile).getSubimage(i, j, 152, 152);
imgFile = new File("C:\\daidu_" + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".png");
ImageIO.write(imgbuf, "png", imgFile);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return imgFile;
}
//將圖片變?yōu)榭杀容^的對(duì)象
public static PicFinger getPicFinger(File file) {
try {
BufferedImage libBuf = ImageIO.read(file);
PicFinger picFinger = new PicFinger(libBuf);
byte[] img = picFinger.getBinaryzationMatrix();
PicFinger fp = new PicFinger(img);
return fp;
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
//匹配模型庫(kù)獲取滑動(dòng)距離
public String getDistance(File file) {
double succRate = 80;
float ret, maxRet = -1;
PicFinger picFinger = getPicFinger(file);
PicFinger fpSrc = null;
String distance = "";
for (String mapkey : Map.keySet()) {
for (String key : Map.get(mapkey).keySet()) {
fpSrc = Map.get(mapkey).get(key);
ret = picFinger.compare(fpSrc) * 100;
if (ret >= succRate) {
if (ret > maxRet) {
maxRet = ret;
distance = key.substring(key.indexOf('-') + 1, key.length());
}
}
}
}
System.out.println("相似度最高為：" + maxRet + "|distance=" + distance);
return distance;
}
//自動(dòng)化程序
public void seleniumTest() {
String phone = "13888888888";
ChromeDriverManager manager = ChromeDriverManager.getInstance();
String gtText = null, num;
Integer distance = 30;
int status = -1;
By moveBy, gtTextBy, submit, phoneBy, securemobil, close, tipInfo;
WebElement moveElemet, submitElemet, gtTextElement, phoneElemet, securemobilElemet, closeElemet, tipInfoElemet, vcodesElemet;
WebDriver driver = null;
try {
driver = manager.getDriver();
driver.get(INDEX_URL);
sleep(1 * 500);
driver.navigate().refresh();
sleep(1 * 500);
// 輸入手機(jī)號(hào)
phoneBy = By.id("account");
phoneElemet = waitWebElement(driver, phoneBy, 400);
if (phoneElemet == null)
return null;
phoneElemet.clear();
for (int i = 0; i < phone.length(); i++) {
char c = phone.charAt(i);
phoneElemet.sendKeys(c + "");
phoneElemet.click();
}
// 下一步
submit = By.id("submit");
submitElemet = waitWebElement(driver, submit, 400);
if (submitElemet == null)
return null;
submitElemet.click();
// 點(diǎn)擊關(guān)閉
close = By.xpath("http://div[@class='vcode-close']");
closeElemet = waitWebElement(driver, close, 200);
if (closeElemet == null)
return null;
if (closeElemet != null)
closeElemet.click();
// 點(diǎn)擊我選中的是手機(jī)號(hào)
securemobil = By.xpath("http://p[@s='securemobil']");
securemobilElemet = waitWebElement(driver, securemobil, 200);
if (securemobilElemet == null)
return null;
if (securemobilElemet != null && securemobilElemet.isDisplayed())
securemobilElemet.click();
// 下一步
submit = By.id("submit");
submitElemet = waitWebElement(driver, submit, 200);
if (submitElemet == null)
return null;
submitElemet.click();
// 獲取ID的隨機(jī)數(shù)
vcodesElemet = waitWebElement(driver, By.className("mod-vcodes"), 200);
if (vcodesElemet == null)
return null;
num = vcodesElemet.getAttribute("id");
num = num.split("mod-vcodes")[num.split("mod-vcodes").length - 1];
tipInfo = By.id("pass-slide-tipInfo2" + num);
tipInfoElemet = waitWebElement(driver, tipInfo, 200);
if (tipInfoElemet == null)
return null;
if (tipInfoElemet.getText().contains("最右")) {
// 點(diǎn)擊關(guān)閉
close = By.className("vcode-close");
closeElemet = waitWebElement(driver, close, 200);
if (closeElemet == null)
return null;
closeElemet.click();
// 下一步
submit = By.id("submit");
submitElemet = waitWebElement(driver, submit, 200);
if (submitElemet == null)
return null;
submitElemet.click();
// 獲取ID的隨機(jī)數(shù)
vcodesElemet = waitWebElement(driver, By.className("mod-vcodes"), 200);
if (vcodesElemet == null)
return null;
num = vcodesElemet.getAttribute("id");
num = num.split("mod-vcodes")[num.split("mod-vcodes").length - 1];
}
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
// 獲取滑動(dòng)按鈕
moveBy = By.id("vcode-spin-button" + num);
moveElemet = waitWebElement(driver, moveBy, 400);
if (moveElemet != null) {
moveElemet.click();
} else {
System.out.println("error get moveElemet=" + moveElemet);
break;
}
sleep(100);
WebElement imgElemet = driver.findElement(By.id("vcode-spin-img" + num));
File img = getImgFile(driver, imgElemet.getLocation().getX() - 8, imgElemet.getLocation().getY());
distance = Integer.parseInt(getDistance(img));
// 滑動(dòng)
move(driver, moveElemet, distance);
sleep(100);
// 獲取滑動(dòng)結(jié)果 10s
boolean isWaitLoad = false;
for (int k = 0; k < 100; k++) {
gtTextBy = By.id("vcode-spin-icon" + num);
gtTextElement = waitWebElement(driver, gtTextBy, 400);
if (gtTextElement == null)
return null;
gtText = gtTextElement.getAttribute("class");
if (gtText.contains("loading") || gtText.contains("hide")) {
if (!isWaitLoad) {
System.out.print("loading(" + gtTextBy.toString() + ")");
isWaitLoad = true;
}
System.out.print(".");
sleep(100);
continue;
} else
break;
}
if (gtText.contains("success")) {
sleep(100);
break;
}
sleep(2000);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
sleep(1000);
manager.closeDriver(status);
}
}
//線程睡眠
private static void sleep(long millis) {
try {
Thread.sleep(millis);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 模擬人工移動(dòng)
*
* @param driver
* @param element頁(yè)面滑塊
* @param distance需要移動(dòng)距離
*/
private static void move(WebDriver driver, WebElement element, int distance) throws InterruptedException {
int randomTime = 0;
if (distance > 90)
randomTime = 250;
else if (distance > 80 && distance <= 90)
randomTime = 150;
List<Integer> track = GeetCanvasApi.getMoveTrack(distance);
int moveY = 1;
try {
Actions actions = new Actions(driver);
actions.clickAndHold(element).perform();
Thread.sleep(200);
for (int i = 0; i < track.size(); i++) {
actions.moveByOffset(track.get(i), moveY).perform();
Thread.sleep(new Random().nextInt(300) + randomTime);
}
Thread.sleep(200);
actions.release(element).perform();
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("move:err = " + e.toString());
}
}
// 延時(shí)加載
private static WebElement waitWebElement(WebDriver driver, By by, int count) {
WebElement webElement = null;
boolean isWait = false;
for (int k = 0; k < count; k++) {
try {
webElement = driver.findElement(by);
if (isWait)
System.out.println(" ok!");
return webElement;
} catch (org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException | org.openqa.selenium.ElementNotVisibleException ex) {
isWait = true;
if (k == 0)
System.out.print("waitWebElement(" + by.toString() + ")");
else
System.out.print(".");
sleep(50);
}
}
if (isWait) {
System.out.println(" outTime!");
logger.error("WebElement = null");
}
return null;
}
//讀文件，用于讀取模型庫(kù)
public static Object load(String file) throws Exception {
FileInputStream freader = null;
ObjectInputStream objectInputStream = null;
try {
freader = new FileInputStream(file);
objectInputStream = new ObjectInputStream(freader);
Object o = objectInputStream.readObject();
return o;
} catch (Exception e) {
return null;
} finally {
if (freader != null)
freader.close();
if (objectInputStream != null)
objectInputStream.close();
}
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Map = (Map<String, Map<String, PicFinger>>) load("C:\\baidu_mod.obj");
OCRUtil.chromePath = "C://chrome";
Baidu baidu = new Baidu();
baidu.seleniumTest();
}
}
```
2. 將圖片信息轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榭杀容^信息
```java
public final class PicFinger implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 431106089062884937L;
/**
* 圖像指紋的尺寸,將圖像resize到指定的尺寸，來(lái)計(jì)算哈希數(shù)組
*/
private static final int HASH_SIZE = 16;
/**
* 保存圖像指紋的二值化矩陣
*/
private final byte[] binaryzationMatrix;
public PicFinger(byte[] hashValue) {
if (hashValue.length != HASH_SIZE * HASH_SIZE) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("length of hashValue must be %d", HASH_SIZE * HASH_SIZE));
}
this.binaryzationMatrix = hashValue;
}
public PicFinger(String hashValue) {
this(toBytes(hashValue));
}
public PicFinger(BufferedImage src) {
this(hashValue(src));
}
public byte[] getBinaryzationMatrix() {
return binaryzationMatrix;
}
private static byte[] hashValue(BufferedImage src) {
BufferedImage hashImage = resize(src, HASH_SIZE, HASH_SIZE);
byte[] matrixGray = (byte[]) toGray(hashImage).getData().getDataElements(0, 0, HASH_SIZE, HASH_SIZE, null);
return binaryzation(matrixGray);
}
/**
* 從壓縮格式指紋創(chuàng)建{@link PicFinger}對(duì)象
*
* @param compactValue
* @return
*/
public static PicFinger createFromCompact(byte[] compactValue) {
return new PicFinger(uncompact(compactValue));
}
public static boolean validHashValue(byte[] hashValue) {
if (hashValue.length != HASH_SIZE) {
return false;
}
for (byte b : hashValue) {
{
if (0 != b && 1 != b) {
return false;
}
}
}
return true;
}
public static boolean validHashValue(String hashValue) {
if (hashValue.length() != HASH_SIZE) {
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < hashValue.length(); ++i) {
if ('0' != hashValue.charAt(i) && '1' != hashValue.charAt(i)) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
public byte[] compact() {
return compact(binaryzationMatrix);
}
/**
* 指紋數(shù)據(jù)按位壓縮
*
* @param hashValue
* @return
*/
private static byte[] compact(byte[] hashValue) {
byte[] result = new byte[(hashValue.length + 7) >> 3];
byte b = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < hashValue.length; ++i) {
if (0 == (i & 7)) {
b = 0;
}
if (1 == hashValue[i]) {
b |= 1 << (i & 7);
} else if (hashValue[i] != 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid hashValue,every element must be 0 or 1");
}
if (7 == (i & 7) || i == hashValue.length - 1) {
result[i >> 3] = b;
}
}
return result;
}
/**
* 壓縮格式的指紋解壓縮
*
* @param compactValue
* @return
*/
private static byte[] uncompact(byte[] compactValue) {
byte[] result = new byte[compactValue.length << 3];
for (int i = 0; i < result.length; ++i) {
if ((compactValue[i >> 3] & (1 << (i & 7))) == 0) {
result[i] = 0;
} else {
result[i] = 1;
}
}
return result;
}
/**
* 字符串類型的指紋數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)為字節(jié)數(shù)組
*
* @param hashValue
* @return
*/
private static byte[] toBytes(String hashValue) {
hashValue = hashValue.replaceAll("\\s", "");
byte[] result = new byte[hashValue.length()];
for (int i = 0; i < result.length; ++i) {
char c = hashValue.charAt(i);
if ('0' == c) {
result[i] = 0;
} else if ('1' == c) {
result[i] = 1;
} else {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid hashValue String");
}
}
return result;
}
/**
* 縮放圖像到指定尺寸
*
* @param src
* @param width
* @param height
* @return
*/
private static BufferedImage resize(Image src, int width, int height) {
BufferedImage result = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_3BYTE_BGR);
Graphics g = result.getGraphics();
try {
g.drawImage(src.getScaledInstance(width, height, Image.SCALE_SMOOTH), 0, 0, null);
} finally {
g.dispose();
}
return result;
}
/**
* 計(jì)算均值
*
* @param src
* @return
*/
private static int mean(byte[] src) {
long sum = 0;
// 將數(shù)組元素轉(zhuǎn)為無(wú)符號(hào)整數(shù)
for (byte b : src) {
sum += (long) b & 0xff;
}
return (int) (Math.round((float) sum / src.length));
}
/**
* 二值化處理
*
* @param src
* @return
*/
private static byte[] binaryzation(byte[] src) {
byte[] dst = src.clone();
int mean = mean(src);
for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; ++i) {
// 將數(shù)組元素轉(zhuǎn)為無(wú)符號(hào)整數(shù)再比較
dst[i] = (byte) (((int) dst[i] & 0xff) >= mean ? 1 : 0);
}
return dst;
}
/**
* 轉(zhuǎn)灰度圖像
*
* @param src
* @return
*/
private static BufferedImage toGray(BufferedImage src) {
if (src.getType() == BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY) {
return src;
} else {
// 圖像轉(zhuǎn)灰
BufferedImage grayImage = new BufferedImage(src.getWidth(), src.getHeight(), BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);
new ColorConvertOp(ColorSpace.getInstance(ColorSpace.CS_GRAY), null).filter(src, grayImage);
return grayImage;
}
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return toString(true);
}
/**
* @param multiLine
* 是否分行
* @return
*/
public String toString(boolean multiLine) {
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
int count = 0;
for (byte b : this.binaryzationMatrix) {
buffer.append(0 == b ? '0' : '1');
if (multiLine && ++count % HASH_SIZE == 0) {
buffer.append('\n');
}
}
return buffer.toString();
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (obj instanceof PicFinger) {
return Arrays.equals(this.binaryzationMatrix, ((PicFinger) obj).binaryzationMatrix);
} else {
return super.equals(obj);
}
}
/**
* 與指定的壓縮格式指紋比較相似度
*
* @param compactValue
* @return
* @see #compare(PicFinger)
*/
public float compareCompact(byte[] compactValue) {
return compare(createFromCompact(compactValue));
}
/**
* @param hashValue
* @return
* @see #compare(PicFinger)
*/
public float compare(String hashValue) {
return compare(new PicFinger(hashValue));
}
/**
* 與指定的指紋比較相似度
*
* @param hashValue
* @return
* @see #compare(PicFinger)
*/
public float compare(byte[] hashValue) {
return compare(new PicFinger(hashValue));
}
/**
* 與指定圖像比較相似度
*
* @param image2
* @return
* @see #compare(PicFinger)
*/
public float compare(BufferedImage image2) {
return compare(new PicFinger(image2));
}
/**
* 比較指紋相似度
*
* @param src
* @return
* @see #compare(byte[], byte[])
*/
public float compare(PicFinger src) {
if (src.binaryzationMatrix.length != this.binaryzationMatrix.length) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("length of hashValue is mismatch");
}
return compare(binaryzationMatrix, src.binaryzationMatrix);
}
/**
* 判斷兩個(gè)數(shù)組相似度，數(shù)組長(zhǎng)度必須一致否則拋出異常
*
* @param f1
* @param f2
* @return 返回相似度(0.0 ~ 1.0)
*/
private static float compare(byte[] f1, byte[] f2) {
if (f1.length != f2.length) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("mismatch FingerPrint length");
}
int sameCount = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < f1.length; ++i) {
{
if (f1[i] == f2[i]) {
++sameCount;
}
}
}
return (float) sameCount / f1.length;
}
public static float compareCompact(byte[] f1, byte[] f2) {
return compare(uncompact(f1), uncompact(f2));
}
public static float compare(BufferedImage image1, BufferedImage image2) {
return new PicFinger(image1).compare(new PicFinger(image2));
}
public static Map<String, byte[]> getLibMatrix(List<File> imgListLib) {
Map<String, byte[]> binMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, byte[]>();
BufferedImage libBuf = null;
PicFinger fpLib = null;
// 初始化Lib庫(kù)
String fileName = null;
System.out.print("getLibMatrix() imgListLib size=" + imgListLib.size());
int c = 0;
for (File imgfileLib : imgListLib) {
if (imgfileLib.exists()) {
fileName = imgfileLib.getName();
fileName = fileName.substring(0, fileName.indexOf("."));
try {
libBuf = ImageIO.read(imgfileLib);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (libBuf != null) {
fpLib = new PicFinger(libBuf);
binMap.put(fileName, fpLib.getBinaryzationMatrix());
if (c % 100 == 0) {
System.out.print("\ngetLib() list c=" + c + " ");
}
System.out.print(fileName + ",");
c++;
} else {
System.out.println("libBuf=" + libBuf + "|imgfileLib=" + imgfileLib.getName());
}
} else {
continue;
}
}
System.out.println("\ngetLibMatrix() size=" + binMap.size());
return binMap;
}
}
```
3. 把圖片旋轉(zhuǎn)360°
```java
public static Color bgColor = new Color(255, 255, 255);
/**
* 創(chuàng)建任意角度的旋轉(zhuǎn)圖像
*
* @param image
* @param theta
* @param backgroundColor
* @return
*/
public BufferedImage rotateImage(BufferedImage image, double theta, Color backgroundColor) {
int width = image.getWidth();
int height = image.getHeight();
double angle = theta * Math.PI / 180; // 度轉(zhuǎn)弧度
double[] xCoords = getX(width / 2, height / 2, angle);
double[] yCoords = getY(width / 2, height / 2, angle);
int WIDTH = (int) (xCoords[3] - xCoords[0]);
int HEIGHT = (int) (yCoords[3] - yCoords[0]);
BufferedImage resultImage = new BufferedImage(WIDTH, HEIGHT, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
for (int i = 0; i < WIDTH; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < HEIGHT; j++) {
int x = i - WIDTH / 2;
int y = HEIGHT / 2 - j;
double radius = Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y);
double angle1;
if (y > 0) {
angle1 = Math.acos(x / radius);
} else {
angle1 = 2 * Math.PI - Math.acos(x / radius);
}
x = (int) Math.round(radius * Math.cos(angle1 - angle));
y = (int) Math.round(radius * Math.sin(angle1 - angle));
if (x < (width / 2) & x > -(width / 2) & y < (height / 2) & y > -(height / 2)) {
int rgb = image.getRGB((int) Math.round(x + width / 2), (int) Math.round(height / 2 - y));
resultImage.setRGB(i, j, rgb);
} else {
resultImage.setRGB(i, j, -1);
}
}
}
return resultImage;
}
// 獲取四個(gè)角點(diǎn)旋轉(zhuǎn)后Y方向坐標(biāo)
private double[] getY(int i, int j, double angle) {
double results[] = new double[4];
double radius = Math.sqrt(i * i + j * j);
double angle1 = Math.asin(j / radius);
results[0] = radius * Math.sin(angle1 + angle);
results[1] = radius * Math.sin(Math.PI - angle1 + angle);
results[2] = -results[0];
results[3] = -results[1];
Arrays.sort(results);
return results;
}
// 獲取四個(gè)角點(diǎn)旋轉(zhuǎn)后X方向坐標(biāo)
private double[] getX(int i, int j, double angle) {
double results[] = new double[4];
double radius = Math.sqrt(i * i + j * j);
double angle1 = Math.acos(i / radius);
results[0] = radius * Math.cos(angle1 + angle);
results[1] = radius * Math.cos(Math.PI - angle1 + angle);
results[2] = -results[0];
results[3] = -results[1];
Arrays.sort(results);
return results;
}
public BufferedImage writeCyclePic(BufferedImage image) {
BufferedImage newImage = new BufferedImage(152, 152, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);
try {
int width = image.getWidth();
int heigth = image.getHeight();
double x0 = width / 2;
double y0 = heigth / 2;
int woffset = (width - 152) / 2;
int hoffset = (heigth - 152) / 2;
for (int i = woffset; i < 152 + woffset; i++) {
for (int j = hoffset; j < 152 + hoffset; j++) {
double r = Math.sqrt(Math.pow(Math.abs(i - x0), 2.0) + Math.pow(Math.abs(j - y0), 2.0));
if (r > (x0 - woffset)) {
newImage.setRGB(i - woffset, j - hoffset, -1);
} else {
newImage.setRGB(i - woffset, j - hoffset, image.getRGB(i, j));
}
}
}
return newImage;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
// 旋轉(zhuǎn)生成圖片
//start 原圖轉(zhuǎn)正需要滑動(dòng)的距離
//total 最長(zhǎng)距離
//input 原圖距離
//outPath 新圖目錄
public void rotate360(Integer start, Integer total, File input, String outPath) {
try {
BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(input);
int distance;
BufferedImage mid, result;
File output;
for (int i = 0; i < 360; i++) {
distance = start + Math.round(i * total / 360);
distance = distance > total ? distance - total : distance;
mid = rotateImage(image, i, bgColor);
result = writeCyclePic(mid);
if (outPath != null && !"".equals(outPath)) {
output = new File(outPath+i+"-"+distance+".png");
ImageIO.write(result, "png", output);
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
```
4. 把圖片模型轉(zhuǎn)為可比較對(duì)象信息存入模型庫(kù)
```java
//Map<String, Map<String, PicFinger>> 中的第一個(gè)String唯一就好了可以用自然數(shù)依次記錄，
//第二個(gè)String記錄需要滑動(dòng)的距離，PicFinger為可比較的圖片信息
public static Map<String, Map<String, PicFinger>> allMap = new HashMap<String, Map<String, PicFinger>>();
public static PicFinger getPicFinger(File file) {
byte[] img;
try {
BufferedImage libBuf = ImageIO.read(file);
PicFinger picFinger = new PicFinger(libBuf);
img = picFinger.getBinaryzationMatrix();
PicFinger fp = new PicFinger(img);
return fp;
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
public static List<File> getFiles(String path) {
File root = new File(path);
List<File> files = new ArrayList<File>();
if (!root.isDirectory()) {
files.add(root);
} else {
File[] subFiles = root.listFiles();
for (File f : subFiles) {
files.addAll(getFiles(f.getAbsolutePath()));
}
}
return files;
}
public static void save(String file, Object o) throws Exception {
FileOutputStream outStream = null;
ObjectOutputStream objectOutputStream = null;
try {
outStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
objectOutputStream = new ObjectOutputStream(outStream);
objectOutputStream.writeObject(o);
objectOutputStream.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
} finally {
if (outStream != null)
outStream.close();
if (objectOutputStream != null)
objectOutputStream.close();
}
}
public static Object load(String file) throws Exception {
FileInputStream freader = null;
ObjectInputStream objectInputStream = null;
try {
freader = new FileInputStream(file);
objectInputStream = new ObjectInputStream(freader);
Object o = objectInputStream.readObject();
return o;
} catch (Exception e) {
return null;
} finally {
if (freader != null)
freader.close();
if (objectInputStream != null)
objectInputStream.close();
}
}
```
四、結(jié)果展示
所有的流程都走完了，不妨做個(gè)測(cè)試。
粗略觀察了下，效果還不錯(cuò)。難免其中也存在識(shí)別錯(cuò)誤的情況，接下來(lái)做下結(jié)果分析。
五、結(jié)果分析
目標(biāo)：
> 識(shí)別圖片角度，推算出對(duì)應(yīng)滑動(dòng)距離，模擬滑動(dòng)。
實(shí)現(xiàn)思路：
> 抓取圖片，篩選
> 生成各個(gè)角度圖片模型，標(biāo)記正向圖
> 將推算距離整合模型數(shù)據(jù)，建造模型庫(kù)
> 抓到圖片后通過(guò)圖片相似度比較算法匹配模型庫(kù)
> 根據(jù)匹配出的距離模擬滑動(dòng)
檢測(cè)耗時(shí)：
> 15 - 100毫秒
通過(guò)率：
> 95%（低樣本）
最終測(cè)試結(jié)果為300條樣本結(jié)果，這個(gè)樣本數(shù)還是偏少了，不確定在更多的測(cè)試條數(shù)時(shí)還會(huì)不會(huì)達(dá)到這樣的效果，應(yīng)該不會(huì)差太遠(yuǎn)哈。
作者：香芋味的貓丶